Design and Construction of Automatic Fish Feeder using Atmel 8052 Microcontroller

This paper was proposed to design an automatic fish feeder system using Atmel microcontroller application. In a way, it is to control the fish feeding activity by using a fish feeder that combined the mechanical and electrical system to form a device which control the fish feeding activity. This device consists of feed storage, feed stand, display unit, microcontroller and DC motor. The feeds controlled by DC motor which is located under feed storage. A control system was then attached to this device allowing the fish to be fed at preset time as required by user. Hence, promising efficiency and productivity in fish pond in long run. Display unit his is basically the user interface where working of the system is displayed on a screen so that the user have an idea what is going on the system. The message will be displayed on a 16 by 2 liquid crystal display. The controller came with a keypad giving users more option in determining the suitable speed for the motor. In addition, the feed in the automatic fish feeder system will be controlled by the rotation speed of DC motor. Test results at the discharge interval of 4hours and dispensing time of 90minutes within 24hours showed that 15kg of feeds were evenly broadcast across the pond of 12cm less amount of feed lost was recorded compare to manual feeding. The machine adequately manages and preserves feed under harsh conditions

Design and Construction of a Wireless Based Electrical Appliance Control System

The wireless based electrical appliance control system puts forth a system which enables users to control home appliances using mobile phone or computer with the aid of an application device, The design makes use of an efficient and low-cost technology for controlling the appliances thus minimizing the power wastage. The interface of the mobile application is used to send signals to another device connected to an 8052 microcontroller programmed to interpret the signal from the phone and control electrical loads via relays switched with transistors, the complete system operates on a 5 volts power supply which is obtained from the public mains. The design is built for the sole purpose of efficient control of electrical appliances, part of its objectives is to embed a user friendly control interface for electrical device using internet device, and it is a fast and efficient approach to control electrical appliances. The design is a viable one in the sense that it will go a long way in helping to checkmate unnecessary wastage of voltage and making it more convenient to control electrical appliances from even a remote area.Keywords: Wireless based electrical appliance control system, Microcontroller, Mobile Application, Electrical Appliance

Solvent extraction of molybdenum (VI) from diluted and concentrated hydrochloric acid

The solvent extraction of Mo (VI) from diluted and concentrated HCl solutions with tri-n-butyl phosphate (TBP) has been studied. The percentage Mo (VI) extraction (E%) reaches maximal levels of 49.60% and 51.20% at pH 1.0 and 4.0 respectively, however, it is much higher (E% = 85.60 –90.80%) in concentrated HCl (2.0 – 7.0M) solutions and decreases with temperature. The mechanism of extraction appears to be through the formation of condensed molybdic acid n(MoO3.2H2O). mTBP at low pH but involves molybdenyl species MoO2Cl2. (H2O) 2. mTBP in concentrated acid medium and pH 4-6. Electronic and infrared spectra data have been used to deduce the nature of the extracted species. Keywords: Molybdenum (VI), extraction, TBP, molybdic acid.Global Journal of Pure and Applied Sciences Vol. 14 (3) 2008: pp. 289-29

Stroke: Critical appraissal of intensive care management

Background: Stroke is a common medical condition in the medical units.Stroke patients are usually managed on the medical wards while some that needs organ support are admitted into the intensive care unit.However there is conflicting data on the benefits or otherwise of admitting stroke patients into the intensive care unit.This necessitated this study to know how much benefit is derived from admitting stroke patients into the intensive care unit.Aim and Objective: The study aims at the benefits of admitting stroke patients into the intensive care unit.The objective included studying the prognostic factors that determines the outcome of stroke patients admitted into the intensive care unit.Methodology: The case files of all patients admitted and managed in the intensive care unit of LAUTECH teaching hospital between 2002 and 2014 were retrieved and were analysed.The factors used in analyzing included the type of stroke,the age of the patients,the Glasgow Coma scale at admission,the need for intubation and mechanical ventilation as well as the percentage mortality in each subsets.Results: A total of 48 patients were admitted over the study period of which 19 were males and 29 were females.The percentage mortality in females was 78.95 while mortality in males was 62.5%.The higher the age the worse the prognosis, the higher the GCS the better the prognosis. Patients that were intubated and ventilated had percentage mortality of 68.8%.and better than non ventilated patients.The hemorrhagic strokes also carries worse prognosis.Conclusion: The admission of stroke patients to the intensive care unit should be individualized considering the above mentioned prognostic factors.However patients that are likely to benefit from intensive care unit should be admitted early for them to derive the maximum benefits.Keywords:Stroke,Intensive care unit,prognosis,benefit

Impact, regulation and health policy implications of physician migration in OECD countries

BACKGROUND: In the face of rising demand for medical services due to ageing populations, physician migration flows are increasingly affecting the supply of physicians in Organisation for Economic Co-operation and development (OECD) countries. This paper offers an integrated perspective on the impact of physician migration on home and host countries and discusses international regulation and policy approaches governing physician migration. METHODS: Information about migration flows, international regulation and policies governing physician migration were derived from two questionnaires sent to OECD countries, a secondary analysis of EUROSTAT Labour Force Surveys, a literature review and official policy documents of OECD countries. RESULTS: OECD countries increasingly perceive immigration of foreign physicians as a way of sustaining their physician workforce. As a result, countries have entered into international agreements regulating physician migration, although their success has been limited due to the imposition of licensing requirements and the protection of vested interests by domestic physicians. OECD countries have therefore adopted specific policies designed to stimulate the immigration of foreign physicians, whilst minimising its negative impact on the home country. Measures promoting immigration have included international recruitment campaigns, less strict immigration requirements and arrangements that foster shared learning between health care systems. Policies restricting the societal costs of physician emigration from developing countries such as good practice guidelines and taxes on host countries have not yet produced their expected effect or in some cases have not been established at all. CONCLUSIONS: Although OECD countries generally favour long-term policies of national self-sufficiency to sustain their physician workforce, such policies usually co-exist with short-term or medium-term policies to attract foreign physicians. As this is likely to continue, there is a need to create a global framework that enforces physician migration policies that confer benefits on home and host countries. In the long term, OECD countries need to put in place appropriate education and training policies rather than rely on physician migration to address their future needs

Automatic Multiphase Selector Using PIC16F876 Peripheral Interphase Controller

Power inconsistency in developing Nations like Nigeria has created the current use of other sources of power like generating set, inverters, wind mill to mention but few. Not only is power failing, phase inconsistency is another alarming condition in the country. This had led many to stay in light out condition even when there is availability of power. The cause of changing over from one phase to the other or to a generating set often results to time delay and equipment damage. This paper presents the design and construction of an artificial intelligent multiphase selector that switches electric supply from one phase to another within public supply and to a Generator in the situations of power outage or abnormal power supply. This system is made up of relays being controlled by a microcontroller as the brain.Keywords: Microcontroller, Transistor, Relay, Public Supply, Generator, Rectifie

Power Budget Analysis of Fiber Optics Communication Links Along Benin-Asaba Route

With the development of optical fiber communication system most telecommunication companies now prefer to use optical fiber transmission medium for higher information bandwidth. The design of such a system involves many aspects such as the type of source to be used, the kind of fiber to be employed and detector. The designer must select from a set of device components to meet a given set of system requirements, one of which is the power budget analysis. In this work, four different optical fiber communication links under limited attenuation condition were studied. The design parameters include; power budget analysis, maximum link length. A power margin greater than four decibel was obtained; this indicates a healthy margin of signal strength.Keywords: Optical Networks, Fiber Optical Communication, Power Budget, Maximum link lengt

Intake and digestibility of nutrients by wad goats fed diets containing varying levels of cashew nut shell liquid inclusion

A complete concentrate (14%CP) was formulated and cashew nut shell liquid (CNSL) was included at four levels (0, 5, 10 and 15ml/kg DM). The concentrates in combination with Panicum maximum (40% concentrate and 60% grass) was fed to WAD goats at 5% of their metabolic weight. 12 WAD goats weighing 8.5 ± 0.25kg were randomly allotted into the four dietary treatments, each treatment was replicated thrice. The experiment was carried out for 21 days and samples of faeces were collected during the last 7days to evaluate digestibility. Intake and digestibility of nutrients by WAD goats in this experiment were not significantly (p>0.05) affected by the dietary inclusion of CNSL up to 15ml/kg DM feed except CP digestibility which decreased (p<0.05) with increasing levels of CNSL inclusion. The inclusion of CNSL in the diets showed no adverse effect on the intake and digestibility of nutrients by WAD goats.Keywords: CNSL, WAD goats, Intake, Digestibility